Modern : Venus and Cupid after Cranach the Elder (Venus and Cupid, the Honey Thief)

Modern : Venus and Cupid after Cranach the Elder (Venus and Cupid, the Honey Thief)

         The Venus and Cupid after Cranach the Elder is painted and hand-signed by Pablo Picasso in Malaga, 1881 - Mougins, 1973

         Firstly proportion, the painting has dimensions is 76.2 cm height and 57.5 cm width. Unity of painting, Venus, in her Cubist form mastered by Picasso, is shown in unnatural proportions with voluptuous hips and breasts, thin limbs, a shrunken head, and an unscrupulous pregnant belly. Modestly covering herself with a diaphanous scarf, she consoles her son, Cupid. Cupid is shown in anguish, as he looks to Venus guiltily with the stolen hive in hand, suffering for his offense.

         Secondary similarity and contrast, This painting has developed in geometric way and unnatural proportions within artwork  from Venus and Cupid, the Honey Thief in 1472-1553, that time is more real texture and color but Modern has only 3 color with white, black and blackgrown is brown. The shape of Venus in Modern painting is abstract design and create.

         Thirdly emphasis, Cupid complains to Venus of being stung by bees when stealing a honeycomb. This is to be taken as a moral commentary as the inscription observes is life's pleasure is mixed with pain in unnatural, abstract art and contrast color.

         Lastly, in Modern period has more logic thinking in design with unnatural on artwork but it still can see what it is. So most of artwork about venus is copied the past venus on artwork. This painting is more abstract in texture and scale and less color that's contrast on artwork than the past.

                                           1472–1553 

Venus and Cupid

Industrial Revolution painting : The Birth of Venus (Cabanel)

Industrial Revolution painting  : The Birth of Venus (Cabanel)

        The Birth of Venus was painted by Alexandre Cabanel

        Firstly proportion, the painting has dimensions 130 cm height and 225 cm width. Unity of Venus, she has individual power.  With her power, she seems to own her nudity and her sexuality. Overview has Venus is nude in relax sleeping on the sea wave that is distinctive point and foreground, 5 Cupids take care her in collateral scene that is middle ground and In the Background is view of sky and view of sea with mountain. 

        Secondary similarity and contrast, texture is oil  on canvas, so the painter painted of Venus, the lightest of color used in The Birth of Venus alludes to the lightness and enlightenment of relaxation, amplifying the reclining nude’s placid demeanor and virginity. The contraposto twist of the figure with the melodramatic swoop of the arm over the face comes directly from his previous paintings. Venus herself takes over the entire front of the picture plane. Her hair has been deepened, adding more to her allure and purity. The Birth of Venus was one of a multitude of female nudes. Bathed in opalescent colors, Venus shyly looks to the viewer from beneath the crook of her elbow. Manet presented his now renowned painting “Olympia” at the Salon as well. Manet painted Olympia with pale, placid skin tone, and darkly outlined the figure. Her only seemingly modest gesture is her placement of her hand over her leg, though it is not out of shyness- one must pay before they can see. The Olympia is often compared to Cabanel’s Birth of Venus, for the latter is a far more sexually appealing work, despite its mythological guise. It is evident Manet’s demythologizing of the female nude was foremost a timely reminder of modern realities. The majority of critics attacked the painting with unmitigated disgust. 

        Thirdly emphasis, Cabanel depicts personality, but in subtle ways through her relaxed posture and sleepy expression. It is as if the viewer is catching a glimpse of a goddess simply basking in the nature that enfolds her. She is calm, and asks nothing with her gaze. She is a part of her surroundings and the viewer is privy to behold upon the scene. Over time, Alexandre developed what would become his signature style. It was his attention to detail that made him popular in the nineteenth century.

        Lastly, This Venus has developed from the painting of The Birth of  Venus in Renaissance period. This Venus has more beautiful women scale, too much spreader in line of details and color but this painting has used real life color of Venus, Cupid, sea and sky background and real texture of human scale and background so that used less color than Renaissance. She is nude in sleeping attitude and over her has Cupids means in Christianity way that shows they still believe in religion of Christianity. This artwork has real lighting within shade and shadow in painting that they have to blend color.

Industrial Revolution sculpture : Venus Victrix (Canova)

Industrial Revolution : Pauline Bonaparte as Venus Victrix

        Pauline Bonaparte as Venus Victrix or Venus Victorious is semi-nude life-size reclining Neo-Classical portrait sculpture by the Italian sculptor Antonio Canova between 1804 and 1808. She is the Princess Borghese. 
    
        Firstly, proportion of the sculpture has size 160 cm height and 192 cm length. In human scale, the statue has clear women shape within relax attitude and semi-nude. She wears wrap, bracelet on her right hand and headdress. Unity of Venus, The reclining Pauline Bonaparte in the center of the room holds an apple in her hand evoking the Venus Victrix in the judgement of Paris, who was chosen to settle a dispute between Juno is power, Minerva are arts and science and Venus is love. The wooden base, draped like a catafalque, once contained a mechanism that caused the sculpture to rotate, as in the case of other works by Canova. And this sculpture has used materials between base and Venus of continuation divisibly. Repetition and rhythm of her sofa is achieved in pattern and balancing.
      
        Secondary, similarity and contrast of Neo-Classical portrait sculpture is reviving the ancient Roman artistic traditions of portrayals of mortal individuals in the guise of the gods, and of the beautiful female form reclining on a couch as most often seen in reclining portrayals of Hermaphroditi. Venus holds an apple in her hand means evoking Aphrodite's victory in the Judgement of Paris. Material of Venus is white marble and base is wooden, that has realism of texture in sculpture whether Venus, base, and sofa. Base of Venus is sofa that has designed Geometric, flowers pattern and curtain. 

        Thirdly, emphasis This marble statue of Pauline in a highly refined pose is considered a supreme example of the Neoclassical style. Antonio Canova executed this portrait without the customary drapery of a person of high rank, an exception at the time, thus transforming this historical figure into a goddess of antiquity in a pose of classical tranquillity and noble simplicity.

        Lastly, this period has emphasised in realism of texture and more relax attitude of Venus. Her action is eating apple and half sitting half lying, so that means victrix. Meaning of this sculpture has shown they believe in luck.  
        

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